The first time I picked up my daughter’s after-school schedule from her homeroom teacher, I genuinely thought there had been some kind of printing error. Monday: taekwondo, then math. Tuesday: English, then piano. Wednesday: taekwondo again, plus a Korean writing class. I remember standing in the hallway of her elementary school doing the math in my head — school until 2:30, then academies until almost 7 — and thinking, this can’t be normal. It took me a solid year of living here as a parent to understand that it wasn’t the exception. It was, more or less, the baseline.
I’m Yijidaddy, and if you’ve been reading along, you know I came to Korea as an adult, married in, and am now raising kids inside a system I didn’t grow up in myself. There’s a particular kind of vertigo that comes with parenting across a cultural gap — not the big, obvious differences like food or language, but the quieter architecture of daily life. Nothing captures that gap for me more than the hagwon (학원) schedule.

What a Hagwon Actually Is
For anyone unfamiliar, a hagwon is a private academy — not part of the public school system, but running alongside it, sometimes more central to a kid’s day than school itself. There are math hagwons, English hagwons, science hagwons, piano and violin academies, taekwondo studios, art ateliers, handwriting classes, coding classes, and a dozen more specialties I’m still discovering. Some are one-room operations run by a single teacher in a strip mall above a convenience store. Others are multi-floor institutions with vans that circle the neighborhood picking up kids in little fleets, like a school bus system running in parallel to the actual school bus system.
The word “academy” is doing a lot of translation work that doesn’t quite land for a Western ear. When I hear “academy,” I picture something optional — an enrichment activity you sign up for if your kid shows interest, like a Saturday art class back home. What it actually functions as here is closer to a second, privatized layer of education that most families treat as non-negotiable. Not because anyone’s being forced into it, but because the entire social and academic ecosystem around them assumes it.
What the Schedule Actually Looks Like
A fairly typical week for an elementary-age kid in our neighborhood might run something like this: taekwondo two or three afternoons a week (partly for fitness, partly because it teaches discipline and it’s genuinely fun for a lot of kids), an English hagwon two days a week with homework packets that would make a middle schooler groan, a math hagwon that drills computation and problem sets well ahead of the public school curriculum, and maybe a piano or art lesson squeezed in as the “soft” activity of the week. By the time a kid gets home, showers, eats dinner, and finishes hagwon homework, it’s not unusual for bedtime to creep toward 9 or 10 PM. Multiply that across five days, and you start to understand why Korean kids are famous, even among themselves, for being tired.
What struck me wasn’t just the density of it — it was how normal everyone treated it. Other parents weren’t stressed out or apologetic when they described their kid’s week. It was just Tuesday. There wasn’t a sense of “we’re pushing too hard,” because the baseline everyone is measuring against is each other, and everyone else’s kid has a similarly packed week.

The Logic Underneath It
It would be easy — and honestly, a little lazy — to write this off as pure academic pressure or tiger-parenting stereotype. The longer I’ve lived here, the more I’ve come to see it as something more layered than that. Part of it is genuinely about the university entrance exam system, which looms over Korean education from a shockingly early age and creates a kind of gravitational pull that starts pulling kids toward it well before middle school. Part of it is about safety and logistics — with both parents often working full-time, a hagwon isn’t just instruction, it’s supervised, structured time in the hours between school ending and a parent getting home. That’s a very practical calculation, not just an academic one.
And part of it, I think, is a genuine cultural belief that investing heavily in a child’s development — filling their time with skill-building rather than unstructured play — is what a responsible parent does. It’s not that Korean parents don’t value play. It’s that the definition of what a childhood is “for” leans harder toward preparation than mine did growing up, where a summer afternoon with absolutely nothing scheduled was considered a normal, even desirable, way to spend a day.

Where I’ve Landed as a Foreign Dad
I won’t pretend I’ve fully made peace with all of it. There are weeks I look at my kids’ schedule and feel a pang of something between guilt and rebellion — an urge to cancel everything and just take them to the park with no plan. And sometimes I do exactly that, and it’s fine, and the world doesn’t end. But I’ve also watched my kids come home from taekwondo genuinely proud of a new belt, or play something on piano they couldn’t play a month earlier, and I can’t honestly say the hagwon system is producing unhappy kids across the board. It’s producing busy ones, structured ones, and — a lot of the time — kids who take real pride in visible progress.
What I’ve settled into, as a parent standing a little outside the system even while my kids are fully inside it, is something like selective participation. We keep some hagwons, because they clearly bring value and joy. We skip others that feel more like keeping-up-with-the-neighbors than anything my kids actually need. It’s a negotiation I re-run every semester, and I don’t think there’s a single correct answer — just a constant recalibration between two different ideas of what childhood should feel like, one of which I grew up inside and one of which my kids are growing up inside right now.
FAQ
Do all Korean kids attend hagwons?
Not literally all, but attendance is extremely common, especially from elementary age onward. In most neighborhoods, a child with no hagwon at all would be the unusual case rather than the norm.
Are hagwons only about academics?
No — sports like taekwondo and swimming, and arts like piano, art, and dance, are just as much a part of the hagwon landscape as math and English. Many kids attend a mix of academic and non-academic academies.
Is the packed schedule considered a problem in Korea itself?
It’s a genuinely debated topic here, not something everyone quietly accepts. You’ll find plenty of Korean parents and commentators openly discussing whether kids are overscheduled, alongside others who see it as necessary preparation. It’s less a settled cultural consensus than an ongoing conversation, the same as it would be anywhere else.




















